Wednesday, 24 February 2010

stage1

(馬尼拉18日訊)亞洲開發銀行(ADB)和聯合國聯合發佈報告說,受全球金融危機影響,去年有1700萬亞洲民眾因此陷入極端貧困狀態,預計今年將再有400萬人的生活陷進每人每天1.25美元的貧困線以下,使新增赤貧人口總數將達到2100萬。 這兩個機構的官員,日前在馬尼拉發表上述的扶貧聯合報告。 目前,亞洲已有9億人口生活在赤貧之中,每天僅能靠著不到1.25美元過活。 亞洲開發銀行副總裁普魯斯告訴記者,近年來,亞洲在帶領民眾脫離貧困上已有長足的進展。 不過,這些進展已因經濟危機遭到逆轉。 聯合國副秘書長海澤說,2008年底席捲全球的經濟危機,導致亞洲從事出口和觀光業的民眾失去或正失去工作。 報告還表示,相較男性,較多女性因經濟危機被迫回到極端貧窮狀態,女性佔亞洲低技能和臨時工比重約半數。 全球經濟危機暴發前,亞太區在縮小中等教育中的性別差距、確保普及初級教育,以及把赤貧人口減半等千年發展目標方面取得顯著進展,但經濟危機改變了這一勢頭。 國際金融危機對亞洲發展中經濟體造成沖擊,失業人口不斷增加以及社會福利體系不健全是貧困人口增加的主要原因。 海澤說,在糧油價格波動、氣候變化和國際金融危機等多重不利因素的影響下,亞太區在2015年之前實現聯合國2000年制定的“千年發展目標”還面臨嚴峻挑戰。

Tuesday, 23 February 2010

Useful websites

I have found some useful websites, they helps u a lot.


1. http://cyberschool.oxfam.org.hk/articles.php?id=91&page=4
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wKQY8FGyuQ
3. www.hkace.net/materials/pre.../hongkongpoorppl_0602.ppt
Enjoy!!!

Reminder for Stage 2

Dear students, stage 2 will end on 26/2/2010 (Friday). Do your work soon.

Important Notice

For the interview part, Alexander , Sam and Wong Man Yuen will be in-charged for this. All of them must hand-in their questionnaire of the interview by 25 th February(Thursday). And they must hand-in their interview result by 1 st March(Mon).
Leader,
Edward
The purpose of the interview (must follow)
1. Age
2. Family status
3. Gender
4. Living condition
5. Photos
6. Living environment
More than 7 interviewers
Work hard. Should you have any query, please feel free to contact me. Enjoy!!
Joe and I will continue doing Stage 2 and 3. Pls work hard!!!! Also, we will do another interview!!!

Sunday, 7 February 2010

Stage 1

The Story of One Million Poor People

Objective 1

Hong Kong is a vibrant city chock-full of people — so much so that the quality of life for those at the bottom tier is atrocious. And I’m not talking about, “Oh my goodness, I have to share a bathroom with my brother and sister.” I’m talking about up to 18 strangers being smashed into a tiny 625 square foot flat with just one toilet to share.

Man In Hong Kong Cage Hong Kong Citizens Are Living in Cages... Literally picture

One such former cage-dweller is Chau Kam-chuen. Mr. Kam-chuen used to be one of over 400,000 working poor who paid approximately $1,300 HKD to live in such an environment. According to him, it’s extremely uncomfortable, especially if you get the top bunk: “You hit your head on the ceiling.”

The way it works is that a flat is chosen and then partitioned into multiple cubicles, each composed of wooden planks and wire mesh. Each cubicle then becomes home to one resident.

Man In Hong Kong Cage 2 Hong Kong Citizens Are Living in Cages... Literally picture

The cage that the woman sits in above contains all her possessions, from clothes to cooking supplies and even family heirlooms. Realistically speaking, the cage is smaller than a jail cell; yet, these cages house thousands of poverty-stricken men and women who have nowhere else to turn.

Man In Hong Kong Cage 3 Hong Kong Citizens Are Living in Cages... Literally picture

And they aren’t comfortable either. Oftentimes, the air-conditioning and heating doesn’t work. Or if it does work, it rarely gets turned on before 9m. As Lai Man-law, an employed man from Hong Kong explained, “It’s dirty and hot. There are cockroaches and bedbugs, and the air-conditioning doesn’t work.”

One wonders though why someone would choose to live like this. Most of these people have no alternative option. These are normal everyday citizens who befell upon hard times and ended up unemployed, homeless, and struggling to make ends meet. The horrific floods of 2008 didn’t help either, as it forced many into homelessness and poverty.

To bring this unfortunate situation to light, Hong Kong’s Schoeni Gallery decided to focus their annual art charity event on displaying these cages directly to the public. Their goal was to showcase the widening gap between the poor and rich in Hong Kong.

Art Gallery to Showcase Cages Hong Kong Citizens Are Living in Cages... Literally picture

The cages displayed are real cages from real flats. In fact, the man pictured above is Mr. Kam-chuen himself. He hopes that this event inspires more people to offer a helping hand to those in need — especially the poor cage dwellers of Hong Kong.

Source from www.weirdasianews.com

Objective 4

Hong Kong tops world rich-poor gap

Hong Kong is both heaven and hell, depending on who you ask. Heaven to wealthy tourists and families of influential people; hell to poor immigrants and migrant workers. More proof that this wide gap between the rich and the poor is the latest report from the UN Development Program which ranks Hong Kong at the top of the table with the widest gap between rich and poor residents.

UNDP's basis of ranking is through the Gini coefficient, a standard measurement of inequality of income and wealth. The closer the rich-poor gap, the lower the Gini score, so a high Gini score means a big disparity. Unfortunately for Hong Kong, it possesses the highest Gini score of all countries (certain country reports may not be very accurate).

1. Hong Kong - 43.4
2. Singapore - 42.5
3. United States - 40.8
4. Israel - 39.2
5. Portugal - 38.5
6. New Zealand - 36.2
7. Italy - 36.0
7. Great Britain - 36.0
9. Australia - 35.2
10. Ireland - 34.3
11. Greece - 34.3

At the other end of the rankings table, Scandinavian countries, Japan and Czech Republic have the slightest of margins.

In Hong Kong's Central Business District, an array of luxury shops selling expensive bags, shoes and jewelry are a common sight. On its hilly outskirts lie tiny yet expensive residential dwellings that offer an almost uninterrupted harbor view. The territory's property market is one of the most pricey in the world; recently, a posh 5-bedroom apartment in the exclusive Peak district fetched a world record $71,280 Hong Kong Dollars per square foot, even surpassing rates at Hyde Park 1 in London.

On the other side of Hong Kong are the so-called cage people, residents living in ultra small dwellings, barely able to make ends meet and end up begging in the busy streets. Food is expensive, so are other necessities, and so losing a job is a matter of life and death. Unfortunately Hong Kong's suicide rate is relatively high and is often attributed to heavy financial losses.

Hong Kong has one of the lowest tax rates in the world. However, this news is only good to tax payers and not to poorly paid domestic helpers who still end up paying government levy -- albeit suspended for a while -- even if their salaries are way below taxable income. This is one of the reasons that keep the gap between the rich and the poor oh so wide.

Source from us.asiancorrespondent.com


LS Hw (Sorry for late submit)

Process 3 Role 1
1.追星者會以甚麼方式來支持他們的偶像或明星?
They establish the fans of club of their idol, designing posters and souvenirs for their idols. Also, they organise activities of signing autographs by their idols.

2.他們的追星行為會帶來了甚麼的影響呢?
Beside following the track of their idols, the fans also buy posters which are published by their idols, buy the tickets of their idol's concert. They will become materialistic and develop a sense of vanity gradually. Some may commit crimes in order to get some money for buying goods from their idols.

Role 2

1.明星或名人們是否贊成年青人追星呢
They agree in some degrees. Notwithstanding this, they disagree the teenagers to worship their idols in a silly ways, like following their idols all day, using all the pocket money to buy souvenirs. From their perspectives, the teenagers should appreciate the contributions to the society of their idols instead of 'worshipping'.
2.請列出三個理由作支持。
李麗珊:「大多數年輕人心目中都會有「偶像」,愚見認為這並不是一件壞事。但該注意的,是不應該沉迷,更不應把時間都用在崇拜偶像上,荒廢學業。」
胡兆康 :「我覺得作為偶像或公眾人物,一定要做好榜樣,因為他的擁躉很可能會模仿他的言行舉止。」
方力申:「 我認為追捧偶像最緊要適可而止,要知道自己的目標,只要不花太多錢,不影響學業便沒有問題。我們會欣賞偶像的優點,從而加以學習,偶像甚至可以令自己加強某些正確的信念。從另一方面看,年輕人專注於偶像,精神上會有另一種寄託,便不會把時間打發在其他事情上,例如結識不良的人或習染不良的習慣,在某程度上亦有正面的作用。 」

1.同學們寫一篇個人文章作分享,約為200字。內容是關於同學們崇拜偶像和明星、選擇甚麼人作學習榜樣及分享自身的自我價值的看法

My idol is a well-known tennis star ,Roger Federer.He took his fame from winning his first Wimbledon Champion in 2003. Then he keep winning tournaments and get 62 titles in his career. Though he is 28 years old now, he never give up his tennis career, trying to improve himself. He is holding a lots of records, like being World No.1 in 237 consecutive weeks, winning 16 Grand Slams Titles.
Instead of wishing to see him or having his signed autograph, I admire his AQ very much. Although he had a bad time in 2008, he still could bounce back in 2009 and finish career grand Slam in Paris.
From my point of view, choosing idols really depends on the teenagers. Instead of holding their idols in a high esteem, the teenagers should do meaningful deeds like learn good characteristics from their idols.

Friday, 5 February 2010

Information of the million of the poor people (By Sam)



貧窮問題須對症下藥
香港社會服務聯會行政總裁方敏生
刊於《星島日報》
香港的貧窮問題日趨嚴重,根據社聯對06年中期人口統計數據的分析,現時香港有134萬市民的入息低於入息中位數的一半,依照國際定義,這百多萬巿民可被歸類為貧窮人士 ,數字較十年前上升超過兩成。最近,特首亦表示關注低下階層未能分享經濟發展成果,顯示改善香港貧窮問題已成為政府與民間的共識。然而,要對貧窮問題對症下藥,便必須先了解香港貧窮問題的特徵。 首先,香港貧窮人口的成份正在改變。相對以往貧窮人士多為年老或傷殘人士等難以投入勞動市場的人,現在有更多中年有工作能力者亦落入貧窮狀態。06年中期人口統計數據顯示,與十年前相比,本港65歲以上貧窮人口上升了62%,但同期45-64歲的貧窮人口數目,則上升了75%。此外,立法會一份報告和早前樂施會的調查亦顯示在職貧窮情況嚴重,在全港約50萬貧窮住戶中,有17萬戶最少有一名在職成員,也就說這些人即使辛勞工作,工作收入仍不足以讓家庭糊口。 第二,各種引致社會排斥的身份特徵往往在貧窮人士中互相重疊。一個貧窮人士,可能同時有著婦女、新來港人士、失業、中年、單親家長等等不利身份,這些身份所帶來的社會排斥會互相加強,使貧窮人士難以脫離貧窮狀態。 第三,不同區域形成貧窮問題的原因往往十分不同,例如現時香港貧窮率最高的深水埗及元朗區,前者長者人口佔地區人口的16.7%(全港第二高),後者則只佔8.3%(全港第二低),造成深水埗貧窮問題的主因之一是區內有大量低收入的長者及中年人士,而元朗區的貧窮問題則與偏遠地區缺乏就業機會及低技術工人數目偏多有關。 不少論者已提及關於解決有工作能力者貧窮問題的方案﹝如訂立低工資、發展社區經濟﹞,筆者不在此贅述,但欲對另外兩點特徵的提供扶貧建議。 要解決貧窮人士同時背負多種不利身份所帶來的社會排斥,往往需要跨政府部門、跨界別的協作。因此我們認為應重新設立一個跨部門、跨界別的扶貧政策平台。過去扶貧委員會作為這一平台,在扶貧上作了不少新嘗試,並取得一定成績。我們建議在勞工福利局下,再成立
扶貧委員會,透過勞工、培訓及社會服務的相互配合,和協調其他相關政策局的工作,加強對貧窮人士的支援。 至於針對各地區的貧窮情況,我們認為並非單靠一個中央的、單一的扶貧政策所能解決,因此我們建議政府設立一個50億元的地區扶貧基金,在未來五年,由各地區根據該區所面對的貧窮問題,作出針對性的扶貧方案,並可有助動員地區持份者的創意以及參與。 香港貧窮問題正在不斷惡化,這絕不利香港成為一個公義、和諧的社會,而貧窮人士缺乏資源自我提升,也將影響香港長遠的可持續發展。因此,制定有效的扶貧政策,政府刻不容緩,巿民亦期望即將發表的施政報告能夠繼續對扶貧作出承擔,改善民生。



根據中文大學呈交樂施會的一份研究報告指出,本港的貧窮問題日漸嚴重。該報告估計目前有廿三萬低收入住戶,佔全港住戶的百分之十五。對那些預期經濟成長可使貧窮問題得以紓緩的人士來說,這可說是個警號。
雖然,我們每個人皆可能貧窮,但實際上受到貧窮威脅的人士,郤往往多來自幾類組合。舉例來說,若我們參考樂施會的報告,以及歷來公援個案組合,會發現貧者多是年長者、傷殘人士、單親家庭成員、長期病患者、低薪工人等。這種依據階級、性別、年齡、傷健等劃分的貧窮分佈,與外國有關貧窮的研究結果相若。
英國亞倫獲加教授曾一針見血地指出,要消除貧窮,就不應將就業和薪酬體系,以至社會保障制度,置諸不理。本文的目的是要指出,貧窮問題就是社會結構的不平等問題。一方面依據年齡、傷健、性別、階級等劃分的社會結構,令工作機會及工資出現不平等分配;另一方面,不合理的社會保障制度,亦令那些低收入人士,長期被鎖在貧窮的環境裏。
社會結構的不平等
舉例來說,「老年」貧窮這現象,就是由帶有年齡歧視的勞工市場及不平等的社會保障制度,聯手造成的。近日我們經常從傳媒得知,年紀較大的人求職不易。這是由於僱主往往認為老化使人衰弱,依年齡產生定型及歧視。以目前本港市民的健康狀況來說,很多年紀較大的人士,其實仍應有工作能力。但根據九一年人口普查資料,五十五至六十四歲的人士就業率不足四成,六十五歲以上的更只得一成多。那些有機會就業的,多只能獲得低薪工作。例如,五十五至六十四歲就業人士的中位工資、未及全體勞動人士的六成。本港並沒有全民退休保障,八成勞工沒有退休金,又從招聘廣告普遍設立年齡上限這些事實看來,年長者的經濟處境,是受社會制度塑造的。
傷殘人士同是深被勞工市場「邊緣化」的一群。一些傷殘人士的團體更曾經指出,很多渴望求職的傷殘人士,根本不獲僱主接見;而那些「幸運」的,多只能獲取低收入及單調乏味的工作而已。傷殘人士在勞工市場的隱型位置,其實往往反過來再強化社會人士的偏見。
相對來說,女性亦比男性在經濟上易處於一個不利的位置。九一年,女性有一半人口參與勞動工作,但她們大多數從事低薪和低職級的工作。在同一行業工作的女性薪酬,較男性為低。如在九一年時,製造業女工月薪平均只得男性的八成。同工不同酬,更是一個很普遍性別歧視的現象。此外,由於傳統性別分工觀念的影響,加上社區服務的缺乏,很多女性需放棄全職工作,在家中無償照顧體弱人士;就算未完全脫離勞工市場,亦只能選擇兼職或外發工等缺乏勞工法例保障的工作。九一年時,女性就佔外發工人總數八成。女性在勞工市場的邊綠位置,不但使其易成為經濟依賴者;晚年時,更易因缺乏儲蓄、保障等而進入貧窮階層。
其實,在資本主義社會下,工人階級常是最缺乏能力,去應付生活條件大幅度轉變的一群。一般低薪的藍領勞工,徐了有限積蓄,亦往往缺少了許多附隨高薪職位而的職業福利,如退休金,醫療保障、公積金,及缺乏資源去參與各類高回報投資(例如買賣地產、股票等),令到其一旦暫時或長期無法工作時(例如因傷病、退休、技能無法發揮的經濟結構轉型等),即會陷入貧困的苦況。另一方面,本港工人卻又難以扭轉自身弱勢的市場處境,因為除了缺乏法定工會集體談判權外,資方可透過強大的政治力量,瓦解工人議價能力,輸入外地勞工及港府於九一年起聯同資方壓抑工資增長,就是其中的例子。因此,工人的經濟處境是與其階級位置,以至工資釐定政策、社會保障制度不能分割的。
社會保障強化不平等
對那些喪失工能力,及如上文所說受勞工市場「邊緣化」的人士,一個合理的社會保障制度,是能夠協助維持其社會參與能力的。可惜,在香港唯一直接援助貧窮家庭的公共援助制度(現稱綜合社會保障計劃),不但未能紓緩貧窮問題,反而將貧窮人士生活水平制度化,令到公授人士與一般市民分化。舉例來說,目前綜援六十歲以下成人標準金額,只得一千二百一十元,即每日約三十元食物費、一元三角交通費,每月四十二元衣服費。造成公援金額偏低,是當局以「維生指標」界定貧窮線,並經常不跟隨本地產總值增長調整此基本金額,令公援人士無法如常人般參與社區活動,並因此產生恥辱感。因些,貧窮源自低入息的社會安排,由社會結構產生,並經社會政策強化。
從上述的討論中,我們知道要有效消除貧窮,必須:一、保障就業權利,令每個有能力工作的人士,都能獲得充分的工作機會及合理的工資;二、改善社會保障制度、特別應以維持「社會參與能力」為保障的主要目標。




Movie that about One Million Poor People :
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9g4quQggu2k
Hong Kong is an affluent city, people enjoy a luxurious lifestyle within a thriving economy. But the other side of the coin, some people in Hong Kong are mired in poverty, and these disadvantaged people need our attention and help.
The Gini Coefficient announced by the Census and Statistics Department in 2007 rose to a historic high of 0.533, the highest among other developed countries. The monthly salaries for the highest income and lowest income families were $78,000 and $2,400 respectively, a difference of 31.5 times.
According to the information provided by social service agencies, the poverty indicators in Kwai Tsing, Tuen Mun and Yuen Long in 2006 were worse than the overall average of the city, meaning these are the poorest districts in Hong Kong, while the rates of spouse abuse, child abuse and youth crimes were the highest in Tin Shui Wai.
The poor population in Hong Kong is over 1 million. The households earning less than $4,000 a month amounted to 192,900 in the third quarter of 2005, increased from 89,100 in the third quarter of 1995. With scarce resources, both parents of poor families are struggling to make ends meet, and some are even unemployed. Domestic conflicts often occured in cases involving an elderly husband and a young wife, or cross-border marriages. Children growing up in such families tend to be affected negatively in their learning and general outlook towards life.
1. The red highlighted area is the review on our project concerned.
2. I'm working on the summary of the purpose 2,3,and4 now.
3. As I learnt in my primary school project making, the initial data collection can use other secondary sources. But I have quoted the sources already.